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Atricle Dump - Punctuation Help 101: Powerful Writing Help through Comma Usage (Part 2 of 2)
Like almost anything else, there is a right way and a wrong way to file bankruptcy, just as there is a good reason and a bad reason to file bankruptcy. Your success with your filing will depend heavily on what caused you to get into the position of thinking you need to file for bankruptcy, as well as the status of your personal assets.The most common reasons for filing for bankruptcy are unemployment, huge unexpected medical expenses, marital problems, or largely overextended credit card bills. But filing for bankruptcy may not be the easy way out that many people think it is, and as it actually may have been a few short years ago when the bankruptcy laws were easier and more sympathetic to a person’s circumstances. But the laws today are tougher, and it is very difficult to successfully file bankruptcy without a good case and good reasons to back it up. Also, many
Essential information appears in bold:
- When I was seventeen or so, I read William Faulkner’s novel As I lay Dying. As you might recall, the youngest boy has caught a large fish the same day his mother dies, and in the density of emotion he becomes confused. “My mother is a fish,” he observes, and then intones the expression to himself.
Break down:
- As I Lay Dying
- appositive for novel
- his mother dies
- essential information
- in the density of emotion
- essential information
- to himself
- essential information
Know that determining whether some pieces of information are essential or non-essential lies with the writer and not with formal rules, so develop your own style with commas. And for a little solace when you run into murky comma waters, a quote from a late, great writer:
- I was working on the proof of one of my poems all the morning, and took out a comma. In the afternoon I put it back again.
- Oscar Wilde (1854 - 1900)
Done. Remember: everything takes time to master, and comma usage is no different; but, the mastery will reward those who put out the effort with a degree o
Most forex traders lose and others make marginal profits yet there are a small minority of traders that that pile up triple digit gains on an annual basis.Here are 4 specific tips on how to make money fast and build serious wealth.1. Take charge of your destinyYou can’t buy success the only person who can give you success is you. Forget people trying to sell you some method of 100 bucks that can make you rich.Common sense should tell you it’s not as easy to make money as that!The only person in forex trading that can make you rich is YOU.You don’t have to work hard, but you do have to work smart and that’s what the rest of this article is about.2. Getting a method customized for your personalityYour on your own and will have to learn your own method that you have confidence in, while this may sound daunting it’s a lot ea
The most misused of all marks—the comma—will appear before you in a new way: clearly and understandably. The second step rests on mastery of its more stylistic uses.
With appositives
Appositives rename nouns:
- California’s capital, Sacramento, lies in northern California.
- Jim’s brother John will be here shortly.
Sacramento and John are appositives because they gave us another name for the nouns capital and brother. What does this have to do with comma usage? A great deal. Did you notice that the first example has commas around its appositive while the second example doesn’t have commas around its? Why? Well . . . Say I have two brothers: Jim and Tom. I tell you:
- My brother is going to visit us later tonight.
“Which brother?” you say in wonder. To be more specific, I add the appositive Jim:
- My brother (Jim) is going to visit us later tonight.
Should commas surround Jim? The answer: no, if the appositive limits the possible meanings of the noun it renames; and yes, if it doesn’t limit its possible meanings. Our answer then is—no. Why? Because brother, by itself, has two possible meanings—Jim or Tom—adding our appositive—Jim—limits the meaning to only Jim. To contrast, what does this sentence imply?
- My brother, Jim, is going to visit us later tonight.
Commas surround Jim, so we know that it doesn’t limit the possible meanings of brother; therefore, I know the writer of the sentence has only one brother—Jim. Real-world examples from the NYTimes.com:
- “The McCain, Graham, Warner trio really fought back and prevented the administration from winning its effort to reinterpret Common Article 3,” said Jennifer Daskal, the United States advocacy director for Human Rights Watch.
- Our appositive, in bold, doesn’t limit the possible meanings of Jennifer Daskal—there is only one such person—so commas are used.
- But Japan is the country that elevated the American quality guru W. Edwards Deming to virtual sainthood and conquered global markets with its eminently reliable cars, cameras and computers.
- Our appositive, in bold, limits the possible meanings of the American quality guru—it could be any American businessperson—by narrowing down the possibilities to one—W. Edwards Deming—so no commas are used.
To expand: we can apply this principle to all extra information—information added to a sentence’s subject-verb core. When information “limits” or gives important details, don’t use commas; and, when it doesn’t “limit” but only gives non-essential details, use commas.
Practice
To clarify, inspect this real-world example taken from the essay My Father Is a Book, written by Janna Malamud Smith and published in the 2004 edition of The Best American Essays series. Identify only the non-essential information set off or enclosed by commas and ignore all other comma uses:
- When I was seventeen or so, I read William Faulkner’s novel As I lay Dying, about a poor Southern family. As you might recall, the youngest boy, Vardamon, has caught a large fish the same day his mother dies, and in the density of emotion he becomes confused, merging her with the dead creature that the assembled mourners eventually cook and eat. “My mother is a fish,” he observes, and then intones the expression to himself, a wacko mantra that—in the midst of the grievous chaos and staggering adult incompetence—becomes his guidepost, the queer story he tells himself.
To check your work, non-essential information appears in bold, and where two such bits of information come together, we’ve underlined one to distinguish it from the other:
- When I was seventeen or so, I read William Faulkner’s novel As I lay Dying, about a poor Southern family. As you might recall, the youngest boy, Vardamon, has caught a large fish the same day his mother dies, and in the density of emotion he becomes confused, merging her with the dead creature that the assembled mourners eventually cook and eat. “My mother is a fish,” he observes, and then intones the expression to himself, a wacko mantra that—in the midst of the grievous chaos and staggering adult incompetence—becomes his guidepost, the queer story he tells himself.
Break down:
- , about a poor southern family.
- non-essential information
- ,Vardamon,
- appositive for boy
- , merging her with the dead creature that the assembled mourners eventually cook and eat.
- non-essential information
- , a wacko matra that—in the midst of the grievous chaos and staggering adult incompetence—becomes his guidepost,
- appositive for expression
- , the queer story he tells himself.
- appositive for guidepost
Now from what remains, identify the essential information:
- When I was seventeen or so, I read William Faulkner’s novel As I lay Dying. As you might recall, the youngest boy has caught a large fish the same day his mother dies, and in the density of emotion he becomes confused. “My mother is a fish,” he observes, and then intones the expression to himself.
Essential information appears in bold:
- When I was seventeen or so, I read William Faulkner’s novel As I lay Dying. As you might recall, the youngest boy has caught a large fish the same day his mother dies, and in the density of emotion he becomes confused. “My mother is a fish,” he observes, and then intones the expression to himself.
Break down:
- As I Lay Dying
- appositive for novel
- his mother dies
- essential information
- in the density of emotion
- essential information
- to himself
- essential information
Know that determining whether some pieces of information are essential or non-essential lies with the writer and not with formal rules, so develop your own style with commas. And for a little solace when you run into murky comma waters, a quote from a late, great writer:
- I was working on the proof of one of my poems all the morning, and took out a comma. In the afternoon I put it back again.
- Oscar Wilde (1854 - 1900)
Done. Remember: everything takes time to master, and comma usage is no different; but, the mastery will reward those who put out the effort with a degree o
One of the reasons that the American colonies broke away from England was squarely over the issue of taxes. The colonists felt that the British royalty was exacting too much taxation with very little representation given. The Boston Tea Party and other acts of revolt crystallized the differences between the two parties which ultimately led to a full scale revolution and founding of a new nation. Today, Americans can feel taxed to death all over again. No, the English have nothing to do with all of the anger being vented by taxpayers across the fruited plains. Instead, politicians in Washington, DC in state capitals, and even on the local level are creating much angst for tax weary citizens. Do you feel overtaxed? If so, fight back…the American way!No, you don’t have to recreate the Boston Tea Party to get the attention of elected officials. Dump anything into a river t
- My brother, Jim, is going to visit us later tonight.
Commas surround Jim, so we know that it doesn’t limit the possible meanings of brother; therefore, I know the writer of the sentence has only one brother—Jim. Real-world examples from the NYTimes.com:
- “The McCain, Graham, Warner trio really fought back and prevented the administration from winning its effort to reinterpret Common Article 3,” said Jennifer Daskal, the United States advocacy director for Human Rights Watch.
- Our appositive, in bold, doesn’t limit the possible meanings of Jennifer Daskal—there is only one such person—so commas are used.
- But Japan is the country that elevated the American quality guru W. Edwards Deming to virtual sainthood and conquered global markets with its eminently reliable cars, cameras and computers.
- Our appositive, in bold, limits the possible meanings of the American quality guru—it could be any American businessperson—by narrowing down the possibilities to one—W. Edwards Deming—so no commas are used.
To expand: we can apply this principle to all extra information—information added to a sentence’s subject-verb core. When information “limits” or gives important details, don’t use commas; and, when it doesn’t “limit” but only gives non-essential details, use commas.
Practice
To clarify, inspect this real-world example taken from the essay My Father Is a Book, written by Janna Malamud Smith and published in the 2004 edition of The Best American Essays series. Identify only the non-essential information set off or enclosed by commas and ignore all other comma uses:
- When I was seventeen or so, I read William Faulkner’s novel As I lay Dying, about a poor Southern family. As you might recall, the youngest boy, Vardamon, has caught a large fish the same day his mother dies, and in the density of emotion he becomes confused, merging her with the dead creature that the assembled mourners eventually cook and eat. “My mother is a fish,” he observes, and then intones the expression to himself, a wacko mantra that—in the midst of the grievous chaos and staggering adult incompetence—becomes his guidepost, the queer story he tells himself.
To check your work, non-essential information appears in bold, and where two such bits of information come together, we’ve underlined one to distinguish it from the other:
- When I was seventeen or so, I read William Faulkner’s novel As I lay Dying, about a poor Southern family. As you might recall, the youngest boy, Vardamon, has caught a large fish the same day his mother dies, and in the density of emotion he becomes confused, merging her with the dead creature that the assembled mourners eventually cook and eat. “My mother is a fish,” he observes, and then intones the expression to himself, a wacko mantra that—in the midst of the grievous chaos and staggering adult incompetence—becomes his guidepost, the queer story he tells himself.
Break down:
- , about a poor southern family.
- non-essential information
- ,Vardamon,
- appositive for boy
- , merging her with the dead creature that the assembled mourners eventually cook and eat.
- non-essential information
- , a wacko matra that—in the midst of the grievous chaos and staggering adult incompetence—becomes his guidepost,
- appositive for expression
- , the queer story he tells himself.
- appositive for guidepost
Now from what remains, identify the essential information:
- When I was seventeen or so, I read William Faulkner’s novel As I lay Dying. As you might recall, the youngest boy has caught a large fish the same day his mother dies, and in the density of emotion he becomes confused. “My mother is a fish,” he observes, and then intones the expression to himself.
Essential information appears in bold:
- When I was seventeen or so, I read William Faulkner’s novel As I lay Dying. As you might recall, the youngest boy has caught a large fish the same day his mother dies, and in the density of emotion he becomes confused. “My mother is a fish,” he observes, and then intones the expression to himself.
Break down:
- As I Lay Dying
- appositive for novel
- his mother dies
- essential information
- in the density of emotion
- essential information
- to himself
- essential information
Know that determining whether some pieces of information are essential or non-essential lies with the writer and not with formal rules, so develop your own style with commas. And for a little solace when you run into murky comma waters, a quote from a late, great writer:
- I was working on the proof of one of my poems all the morning, and took out a comma. In the afternoon I put it back again.
- Oscar Wilde (1854 - 1900)
Done. Remember: everything takes time to master, and comma usage is no different; but, the mastery will reward those who put out the effort with a degree o
Content is king. You can say that again. That is why writing articles is one of the most utilized Internet marketing media today. Internet surfers just can't get enough of information on various fields. Providing information through these articles is a surefire way to drive hot traffic to your web site, and then dollars to your business.Why is this so? Here are the benefits that writing articles can give your Internet business.1. It's absolutely free.Too good to be true? Nope. Okay, you have to pay for your Internet Service Provider. That's it. All you need is your thoughts, your computer, and your hands. If you have those, nothing will stop you from typing words that will make you complete that article for your website. Be sure to include valuable information in the article for the reader...then we can talk about conversion rate for your business!
Practice
To clarify, inspect this real-world example taken from the essay My Father Is a Book, written by Janna Malamud Smith and published in the 2004 edition of The Best American Essays series. Identify only the non-essential information set off or enclosed by commas and ignore all other comma uses:
- When I was seventeen or so, I read William Faulkner’s novel As I lay Dying, about a poor Southern family. As you might recall, the youngest boy, Vardamon, has caught a large fish the same day his mother dies, and in the density of emotion he becomes confused, merging her with the dead creature that the assembled mourners eventually cook and eat. “My mother is a fish,” he observes, and then intones the expression to himself, a wacko mantra that—in the midst of the grievous chaos and staggering adult incompetence—becomes his guidepost, the queer story he tells himself.
To check your work, non-essential information appears in bold, and where two such bits of information come together, we’ve underlined one to distinguish it from the other:
- When I was seventeen or so, I read William Faulkner’s novel As I lay Dying, about a poor Southern family. As you might recall, the youngest boy, Vardamon, has caught a large fish the same day his mother dies, and in the density of emotion he becomes confused, merging her with the dead creature that the assembled mourners eventually cook and eat. “My mother is a fish,” he observes, and then intones the expression to himself, a wacko mantra that—in the midst of the grievous chaos and staggering adult incompetence—becomes his guidepost, the queer story he tells himself.
Break down:
- , about a poor southern family.
- non-essential information
- ,Vardamon,
- appositive for boy
- , merging her with the dead creature that the assembled mourners eventually cook and eat.
- non-essential information
- , a wacko matra that—in the midst of the grievous chaos and staggering adult incompetence—becomes his guidepost,
- appositive for expression
- , the queer story he tells himself.
- appositive for guidepost
Now from what remains, identify the essential information:
- When I was seventeen or so, I read William Faulkner’s novel As I lay Dying. As you might recall, the youngest boy has caught a large fish the same day his mother dies, and in the density of emotion he becomes confused. “My mother is a fish,” he observes, and then intones the expression to himself.
Essential information appears in bold:
- When I was seventeen or so, I read William Faulkner’s novel As I lay Dying. As you might recall, the youngest boy has caught a large fish the same day his mother dies, and in the density of emotion he becomes confused. “My mother is a fish,” he observes, and then intones the expression to himself.
Break down:
- As I Lay Dying
- appositive for novel
- his mother dies
- essential information
- in the density of emotion
- essential information
- to himself
- essential information
Know that determining whether some pieces of information are essential or non-essential lies with the writer and not with formal rules, so develop your own style with commas. And for a little solace when you run into murky comma waters, a quote from a late, great writer:
- I was working on the proof of one of my poems all the morning, and took out a comma. In the afternoon I put it back again.
- Oscar Wilde (1854 - 1900)
Done. Remember: everything takes time to master, and comma usage is no different; but, the mastery will reward those who put out the effort with a degree o
There are many variations of homeowner’s policies available for consumers. Company’s policies may be different from state to state. There are different types of property to insure and customers have differing needs. This means there is no single insurance policy type that is always the best. I suggest that you take a little time to discover what is available, what your coverage options are, and to shop for a good policy with a favorable cost.A primary part of your homeowner’s policy is for the homes structure. It would often cost more to rebuild the home than what the homes appraised value is. I suggest getting a policy with a coverage amount of the rebuild cost, or the appraised value, whichever is higher. Most insurance companies have software that can calculate the rebuilt estimated amount. Next you should make sure the policy has sufficient coverage for any other s
Break down:
- , about a poor southern family.
- non-essential information
- ,Vardamon,
- appositive for boy
- , merging her with the dead creature that the assembled mourners eventually cook and eat.
- non-essential information
- , a wacko matra that—in the midst of the grievous chaos and staggering adult incompetence—becomes his guidepost,
- appositive for expression
- , the queer story he tells himself.
- appositive for guidepost
Now from what remains, identify the essential information:
- When I was seventeen or so, I read William Faulkner’s novel As I lay Dying. As you might recall, the youngest boy has caught a large fish the same day his mother dies, and in the density of emotion he becomes confused. “My mother is a fish,” he observes, and then intones the expression to himself.
Essential information appears in bold:
- When I was seventeen or so, I read William Faulkner’s novel As I lay Dying. As you might recall, the youngest boy has caught a large fish the same day his mother dies, and in the density of emotion he becomes confused. “My mother is a fish,” he observes, and then intones the expression to himself.
Break down:
- As I Lay Dying
- appositive for novel
- his mother dies
- essential information
- in the density of emotion
- essential information
- to himself
- essential information
Know that determining whether some pieces of information are essential or non-essential lies with the writer and not with formal rules, so develop your own style with commas. And for a little solace when you run into murky comma waters, a quote from a late, great writer:
- I was working on the proof of one of my poems all the morning, and took out a comma. In the afternoon I put it back again.
- Oscar Wilde (1854 - 1900)
Done. Remember: everything takes time to master, and comma usage is no different; but, the mastery will reward those who put out the effort with a degree o
How do you create good customer service in your software business?Providing good customer service is a challenge for every software seller. It is a well known fact that satisfied clients are the best promoters for the software business. Keep in mind that customer support is not just about fixing a problem, but forming a relationship with buyers and creating an opportunity for future sales. In the very dynamic computer software industry, the quality and effectiveness of your software products must be accompanied by good customer service in order to be successful.Your customers are not software professionals, so what might be easy for you, could present difficulties for them. Every software program has a certain level of difficulty, so don't patronize your clients and try to treat them as you would like to be treated if you needed help. And remember that "t
Essential information appears in bold:
- When I was seventeen or so, I read William Faulkner’s novel As I lay Dying. As you might recall, the youngest boy has caught a large fish the same day his mother dies, and in the density of emotion he becomes confused. “My mother is a fish,” he observes, and then intones the expression to himself.
Break down:
- As I Lay Dying
- appositive for novel
- his mother dies
- essential information
- in the density of emotion
- essential information
- to himself
- essential information
Know that determining whether some pieces of information are essential or non-essential lies with the writer and not with formal rules, so develop your own style with commas. And for a little solace when you run into murky comma waters, a quote from a late, great writer:
- I was working on the proof of one of my poems all the morning, and took out a comma. In the afternoon I put it back again.
- Oscar Wilde (1854 - 1900)
Done. Remember: everything takes time to master, and comma usage is no different; but, the mastery will reward those who put out the effort with a degree of clarity in writing that will make it well worth it.
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