Each idea elicits a response from someone else.

2) No equality

Discussion favors those who think quickly. It also favors those who are loud, expressive, intimidating, entertaining, and important. As

Most people use discussion for their meetings. And it seldom works. Here’s why.

1) No structure

Discussion is like conversation in that it is a free-form dialogue without any direction. Each person responds to what the last person said. While this can produce entertaining party chatter, it seldom leads to agreements or decisions. In fact, in a meeting, discussion can even make things worse. For example, suppose you said:

"We need to talk about the new database."

And then someone says:

"Is that the one that crashed last night?"

"Actually, it was a minor bug."

"It shut down the Chicago office."

"I heard their IT department is being reorganized."

"Hey, what do you call a Chicago organ transplant?"

And so on . . . .

This happens because discussion is a divergent process. Each idea elicits a response from someone else.

2) No equality

Discussion favors those who think quickly. It also favors those who are loud, expressive, intimidating, entertaining, and important. As a

esponds to what the last person said. While this can produce entertaining party chatter, it seldom leads to agreements or decisions. In fact, in a meeting, discussion can even make things worse. For example, suppose you said:

"We need to talk about the new database."

And then someone says:

"Is that the one that crashed last night?"

"Actually, it was a minor bug."

"It shut down the Chicago office."

"I heard their IT department is being reorganized."

"Hey, what do you call a Chicago organ transplant?"

And so on . . . .

This happens because discussion is a divergent process. Each idea elicits a response from someone else.

2) No equality

Discussion favors those who think quickly. It also favors those who are loud, expressive, intimidating, entertaining, and important. As

pose you said:

"We need to talk about the new database."

And then someone says:

"Is that the one that crashed last night?"

"Actually, it was a minor bug."

"It shut down the Chicago office."

"I heard their IT department is being reorganized."

"Hey, what do you call a Chicago organ transplant?"

And so on . . . .

This happens because discussion is a divergent process. Each idea elicits a response from someone else.

2) No equality

Discussion favors those who think quickly. It also favors those who are loud, expressive, intimidating, entertaining, and important. As

office."

"I heard their IT department is being reorganized."

"Hey, what do you call a Chicago organ transplant?"

And so on . . . .

This happens because discussion is a divergent process. Each idea elicits a response from someone else.

2) No equality

Discussion favors those who think quickly. It also favors those who are loud, expressive, intimidating, entertaining, and important. As

Each idea elicits a response from someone else.

2) No equality

Discussion favors those who think quickly. It also favors those who are loud, expressive, intimidating, entertaining, and important. As a result the more aggressive participants do all of the talking while the more reflective ones watch.

This is bad for many reasons. First, aggressive speakers can easily stampede everyone else into accepting unworkable ideas. Next, the more thoughtful participants withdraw, which deprives everyone from hearing their ideas. Thus, a discussion is like an engine that runs without brakes on only half its cylinders.

3) No Achievement

As you might expect, discussion seldom leads to anything useful. True, the talkers will feel energized by what they said. And the others may feel amazed by what they heard. But nothing else happened. No decisions were made. No solutions were found.

Discussion is the least effective and least efficient process for a meeting.

So what works?

Group processes that include everyo